artifact

a unit of work or delivery defined by one or more tools in the tool network. Artifacts have different types, such as work item, user story, test, or release, which are defined by the artifact schemas in the tools. These types can be instantiated; for example, ten specific user stories can be created for a particular release. Artifacts can be mapped to the more abstract flow units using the integration model.

— Project to Product, Mik Kersten

An artifact is a deployable component of an application

— DevOps Automated Governance Reference Architecture, in the text, Stephen Magill (Sonatype), John Willis (Botchagalupe Technologies), Michael Nygard (N6 Consulting, LLC), Dr. Tapabrata "Topo" Pal (M&T Bank), Sam Guckenheimer (Self Employed), John Rzeszotarski (enGen), Dwayne Holmes (CVS Health), Courtney Kissler (Starbucks), Dan Beauregard & Collette Tauscher